Requirements for an Effective and Efficient HR Professionals Essay

Requirements for an Effective and Efficient HR Professionals - Essay Example According to the report  in-depth knowledge on an organisation’s strategy, â€Å"performance goals and drivers, and the sector in which they work† involving the external context that can affect business operation including the market factors such as demography, customers, competitors, and globalisation. Thus, HR practitioners should be familiar with the â€Å"language† of the business operation in empowering human resources to utilize their potential in business accomplishment. Next is wide comprehension of the 10 professional areas. Then, reviewing the local and international law on â€Å"access relevant employment and discrimination† within their jurisdiction. The political and economic factors are the external and internal forces that induce business performance and creating strategy and plans applicable to combat them.  From this study it is clear that  organisational development entails HR capability to intervene or manage changes in the cultura l aspect of an organisation. The changes implemented must develop the organisation’s performance and adaptability to the planned change process. In achieving goals, HR professionals must employ the right workforce to gain competitive advantage than its competitors.  This practice is called resourcing and talent management. They must recruit, select, and retain employees with worldwide talents through interviews and tests suitable to their needs.  Learning and development is essential in managing change that needs acquiring of new skills and talent as coping mechanism.... The CIPD (2009a) requires an HR professional to be knowledgeable in leading, engaging, and aligning people with diverse cultivation to deliver the strategic plan at the appropriate time. The third area is organisation design wherein HR must ensure that employees’ skills and qualifications match the job designation to attain organisations’ short term and long term goals, and the structure design of the internal and external environment â€Å"fit in the current and future organisational strategy (Weingarden, 2011, p.5). Organisational development entails HR capability to intervene or manage changes in the cultural aspect of an organisation. The changes implemented must develop the organisation’s performance and adaptability to the planned change process (Cummings & Worley, 2009). In achieving goals, HR professionals must employ the right workforce to gain competitive advantage than its competitors. This practice is called resourcing and talent management. They mus t recruit, select, and retain employees with worldwide talents through interviews and tests suitable to their needs (Armstrong, 2009). Learning and development is essential in managing change that needs acquiring of new skills and talent as coping mechanism. HR professionals must know how to assess employees’ competency level before conducting training. They should act as coaches or mentor to enhance employee’s performance, and design programs for knowledge management and evaluating learning outcomes (Armstrong, 2009). In addition, HR professionals must develop a reward system based on the quality performance of employees in fair and equitable manner to motivate them. To establish cooperation

Heart of Darkness vs Things Fall Apart Essay Example for Free

Heart of Darkness vs Things Fall Apart Essay â€Å"Heart of Darkness† and â€Å"Things Fall Apart† show a variety of ways of depicting Africa in literature. In â€Å"Heart of Darkness†, Joseph Conrad shows the continent of Africa through the stereotypical perspective of the European sailors, who had a tendency to depict the natives of the land as savages, and in response to that matter, Chinua Achebe wrote â€Å"Things Fall Apart† through the non-stereotypical depicting perspective of the natives of the land to show Africans, not as savages or primitives, but as members of a traditional society. European prejudice is presented in a verifiable way in â€Å"Heart of Darkness†. The main character of â€Å"Heart of Darkness† or protagonist, Marlow, is a sailor who travels through Africa and describes the natives that he comes in contact with as savages. Marlow compares these different individuals to animals of some specific nature or just to the wilderness of the jungle, respectively. There was a point in this novel where Marlow’s vision came in contact with a pit in the ground. He noticed that it was a pit made for the natives to go and rest in peace or in other words die. Marlow describes those natives that were there stating, â€Å"Black shapes crouched, lay, sat between the trees, leaning against the trunks, clinging to the earth in all attitudes of pain, abandonment, and despair they were nothing earthly now, nothing but black shadows of disease and starvation One of these creatures rose to his hands and knees and went off on all fours towards the river to drink† (Conrad 17). This descriptive portrayal shows the natives as â€Å"shadows† and nothing more than mere â€Å"black shapes† and not as individuals or men who are simply just dying. These men are no longer men, they have been stripped of all their characteristics which makes them human to dehumanizing characteristics where none can tell the difference of one dying man to another. None of the dying men are described by oneself, which makes it difficult for the reader to see where one man ends to where the individual begins. This creates an effect where these individuals look like eometric shapes and symbols of some sort. These depictions in which Marlow stated originates from a very stereotypical saying. The saying is that all Africans are made the same and one can not tell the difference between them even if much effort is applied. Similarly, there was an African man who was crawling to the river in order to quench his thirst. The way he was crawling in general is very dehumanizing. To make the matter worse and more dramatic, he crawled on his hands and knees which is animal-like and very degrading. The man is described to be on all fours just to get a drink, but when looking towards the European side, there is no way in Heaven that they’d be described like that. None. On the other hand, the European people would drink from a tap or maybe boil water from a well of some sort in order to have a refreshing drink. The natives are compared to animals of the wild when Marlow begins describing one of the workers on the ship. Marlow states, â€Å"to look at him was as edifying as seeing a dog in a parody of breeches and a feather hat walking on his hind legs† (Conrad 36). This worker simply shows that the savages who are the Africans have a possibility of being tamed because, â€Å"He ought to have been clapping his hands and stamping his feet on the bank† (Conrad 37). One can see that this man has been stripped of being a human being. He is now an animal, a dog, maybe, who is being trained to do some type of trick. From Marlow’s point of view he is still an animal and none the less, this man is pretending to be a civilized being. Marlow doesn’t stop there though. He continues to downgrade this European man by describing him to be just like the natives on the land. All in all, this is stereotypical. Furthermore, Marlow keeps his ball rolling by depicting the African natives as â€Å"prehistoric† and â€Å"simple†. He states, â€Å"The prehistoric man was cursing us, praying to us, welcoming us who could tell? we glided past like phantoms, wondering and secretly appalled, as sane men would be before an enthusiastic outbreak in a mad house† (Conrad 35). In the mind of Marlow, the natives are so primitive that they are in an aspect denied of having a language. Marlow sits there and begins to wonder â€Å"who could tell? instead of making an effort to understand what the natives were saying out of their mouth. What can actually be inferred from this quote is that, the natives were probably jumping up and down like a bunch of kindergarten students at recess or something similar to that. One can’t really be sure, but in all Marlow didn’t even try to grasp what the native Africans were saying probably because he felt that they were savages, or maybe their intellectual mindset wasn’t as great and average to the Europeans, or the native Africans didn’t have anything reasonable to say. Joseph Conrad with respect and similarity to Marlow, may have chosen to not include a specific language probably because he was influenced by the European stereotypes of Africans. What can be inferred from this is that, the removal of a language suggests that the native Africans have nothing that is sophisticated enough to say that would be reasonable or important to add to the plot of the novel. In â€Å"Heart of Darkness†, the native Africans are very underdeveloped, just like a third world country would be, in order to have a control of language. Though, there are moments in which there is language which supports the native savage (Africans) at which this is the time a reader might even hear an African speak. Joseph Conrad uses a specific technique when he writes. He uses a limited exposure to the native Africans’ voices which tries to ignore anything that might bring stereotype about. In response to Joseph Conrad and the Europeans and their use of stereotypical depiction of Africans, Chinua Achebe, the author of â€Å"Things Fall apart† portrayed Africans in a humanizing and traditional society. The Igbo tribe goes against the European stereotype in â€Å"Things Fall Apart†. The main character or protagonist Okonkwo does not agree nor does he disagree with the European belief that is shown in the novel. He is described in the novel to be, â€Å"a man of action, a man of war† (Achebe 8). Okonkwo is a very honorable man in the Umofia village, even though he has a very displeasing streak which is of violent nature. With Okonkwo’s strength and inability to be feminine, he is afraid of anything that is of feminine nature. â€Å"His whole life was dominated by fear, the fear of failure and of weakness. It was the fear of himself, lest he should be found to resemble his father. Even as a little boy, he resented his fathers failure and weakness. And so Okonkwo was ruled by one passion to hate everything that his father Unoka had loved. One of those things was gentleness and another was idleness† (Achebe 10). What can be inferred from this quote is that, this is probably why Okonkwo was always in need of something that was filled with action but he still didn’t fashion â€Å"idleness†. With the combination of these two aspects, Okonkwo can not handle the outcome. Instead when violence is applied to this equation, Okonkwo is as good as can be. With this being said, this further supports the European stereotype as savage-like. When looking deeply into the details that â€Å"Things Fall Apart† display, one can notice the contrasting aspects between Umofia and Okonkwo. Okonkwo doesn’t have any respect for his wives. As an Igbo man, Okonkwo man-handles his wives and children without holding back. Noticing the tone at this point in the novel, one can see that it is very much common for Igbo men in general to beat the ripe bananas out of their wives and children, but at a certain time. Okonkwo man-handled his wife during Umofia’s Week of Peace. Beating your wives and children in order for them to have respect for you is one thing, but when one disobeys the traditional setting of the clans week of peace then drastic problems do arise. â€Å"Okonkwo was not the man to stop beating somebody half-way through, not even for fear of a goddess. It was unheard-of to beat somebody during the sacred week† (Achebe 19). Since Okonkwo felt as if he was the man on top of all and that he could do as it pleased him so, problems arose between himself and Umofia. The feminine force is his wife. And with that being noted, Okonkwo could not remove himself from his violent streak for even a week. Just a week†¦ but when comparing this to the perspective of â€Å"Heart of Darkness† this form and lack of self-control goes to the Europeans motive that Africans are savages. Towards the end of the novel, Okonkwo commits suicide by hanging himself. When the District Commissioner look at Okonkwo’s lifeless body, he states â€Å"In the book which he planned to write The story of this man who had killed a messenger and hanged himself would make interesting reading. He had already chosen the title of the book, after much thought: The Pacification of the Primitive Tribes of the Lower Niger† (Achebe 117). What can be inferred from the title of the book is that the District Commissioner is prejudiced about the native Africans. In â€Å"Heart of Darkness†, Africans are also described as â€Å"primitive†, which shows that the European’s stereotype is so vast that it is able to be used in two very separate and different works. All in all, in â€Å"Heart of Darkness† the Europeans notions was that all Africans are the same; they are primitive, savages, and inhuman. In contrast to that stereotype, â€Å"Things Fall Apart† showed a traditional society, where the members are not inhuman. Unsatisfactorily, Okonkwo who is the protagonist of â€Å"Things Fall Apart† was not an effective representation of a civilized individual of a traditional society. But, he was an exceptional member of the society. And even though the stereotype of Africans has not been destroyed, it empowers the European beliefs.

Woman in Combat Essay -- essays research papers

The idea of women in combat is not unusual anymore. They should be able to hold combat positions beacause although physical strength matters, the military still needs the intelligence that women can bring. Also, banning women from the combat hurts their military careers. Although women account for only ten percent of the enlisted personnel (Time, 8/21/95/ Pg. 31), they are still a major part in the armed forces. Their performance recently has generated support from Congress and the public for enhancing the role of females in the military. During the Persian Gulf War, women were sent to the Middle East to fly helicopters, service combat jets, refuel tankers, and load laser-guided bombs. Their performance has led the world to realize that women are extremely useful in combat. Defense secretary Dick Chaney said "Women have made a major contribution to this [war] effort. We could not have won without them." Leaders in the field agreed. The Gulf War had the largest deployment of women in the armed forces in history. These women encountered the same risks as the men they served with. Twenty one females lost their lives (Holm, Women in Combat: The New Reality, pg. 67-68). In the Persian Gulf, there were no exact positions and all areas were equally vulnerable, so the idea of safe havens for women was not really applicable. By many armed forces policies, females are banned from combat jobs and units, but in the Persian Gulf War females were assigned to battleships, air...

Los Vendidos Essay

Los Vendidos means the sell-outs. All the characters in the play sold-out at some point during the play. The characters sold out both their races and their way of life. I would say that the person who sold out the most was the Mexican-American because he sold-out both his Mexican, his American heritage and way of life. He wanted to be perfect, so when he found that the Americans and the Mexicans had their flaws he sold them out. He now has to search for a new and perfect race to identify with. (He will be searching for a while. ) The Mexican- American sold out his Mexican Heritage when he said, â€Å"The problems of the Mexicans stem from one thing alone he’s stupid, he is under-educated, he needs to stay in school. He needs to be ambitious and be forward looking, most important he needs to think American† (Page 382). In his statement he is only finding the bad of his people and stating it for the entire room to hear. He shows great disrespect for the Mexican heritage by saying all that is wrong with them. He shows their flaws, weaknesses, and imperfections. I believe your heritage makes up who you are and that is you, so you should never disrespect yourself by disrespecting your heritage. I believe thee way he sold-out was by disrespecting his heritage. the Mexican- American is still trying to decide weather he is going to live Mexican or American. When the Mexican-American says, â€Å"The only thing I don’t like is how come I always got to play the goddamn Mexican-American†(Page-384). You are unsure by this statement weather he is selling-out his Mexican or his American lifestyle. You know he wants to perfect because of his attitude toward playing the part of the Mexican-American. The Mexican American doesn’t know where he wants to go in life I guess this proves no matter how old you are or how much of an education you have you sell people out and walk all over them. Even if it is a person you know or need all that does not madder if you are a sell-out. You will hurt people to get what you want for yourself. The Mexican American is soon going to find he will never find perfection and he will be lost with no friends because of all the people he sold-out. The Mexican- American and his buddies need to set goal or all they will have to talk about is being sell-out with no friends.

Middle East case studies: Elixir Technology

1.  Ã‚  Entering the Middle East market through Malaysia is the best alternative at this time. Malaysia has a market not dissimilar with that of the Middle East. Entering Middle East via this option gives the Company an opportunity to partner with a company which has insights on working in a Muslim country. This way, Elixir is not starting with zero knowledge since this entry strategy is a duplication of what it did in Japan. 2.  Ã‚  Elixir develops and sells computer software which includes the stand-alone and the server-side versions of the Elixir Report. These two versions provide business an enterprise-class reporting solution. ER â€Å"was designed for high-performance operation, capable of handling large report generation† (O’Neil, 2004, p. 4). As such, Elixir Report is â€Å"able to accommodate multiple input data source types and provide reports in multiple output formats† (O’Neil, 2004, p. 4). Aside from these benefits, ER can support multilingual reporting and platform independence, and can support mobile devices. The core competencies of Elixir for its ER are: Speed in adopting changes in the environment and technologies into ER’s programs and applications. As a matter of Elixir claims that flexibility is built in into the Company’s spirit   (O’Neil, 2004, p. 8). Network with technology vendors. This relationship enables Elixir to rapidly fit its ER into a client’s information system which was sourced from a particular vendor or several vendors. Capacity and capability to localize the Elixir Report into specific customer requirements. This capacity and capability is a result of the unique design of ER which enables Elixir for â€Å"easy modification for accommodating local cultural needs† (O’Neil, 2004, p. 8). 3.  As the Company recognized the positive relationship between its understanding of it’s customers’ technology vendors and the efficiency of the sales process, Elixir made developing partnerships with other technology vendors the basis of its â€Å"marketing, sales and distribution strategy† ((O’Neil, 2004, p. 6). Another component of its marketing strategy is stressing that other technology companies translate their products instead of localizing them as what Elixir does (O’Neil, 2004, p. 8). Also, the Company provided for a free trial of the software which can be downloaded from the Company’s Web site (O’Neil, 2004, p. 9). By scaling the software into different versions and selling licensing agreements, Elixir is able to sell ER at a price 50 percent lower than its competitors. This scalability, however, is not a liability in terms of software performance. 4.  Ã‚  Elixir, as to its plan and strategy to expand outside Singapore, has been averagely successful. For example, in its entry into Japan, the Company’s initial marketing strategy – advertising in international magazines – generated low response from Japanese customers. However, this was remedied with the Company’s partnership with GrapeCity which enabled Elixir to bridge cultural gap and language barriers. This same strategy can be used in entering the Middle east market. 5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Yes, based on the facts presented, it is financially beneficial for Lau Shih Hor to take Elixir into the Middle East. I suggest that Lau pursues a distribution partnership with a Malaysian-based company. This company has a better understanding of the Middle East market than Lau which will allow the Company to better localize ER which is one of the product’s competitive advantages. References O’Neil, E. (2004). Elixir Technology – Entry into the Middle East. Ivey Management Services, pp. 1-24.

Analysis Of Religious Cults Essays - Cults, Pejoratives, Free Essays

Analysis Of Religious Cults Essays - Cults, Pejoratives, Free Essays Analysis of Religious Cults There are many types of cults in the world, cults are everywhere but you just do not see them. Every person in the world has been in contact with them in one way or another in many cases you cannot see them. The closest cult we know of is on Rice Lake called the Moonies led by Reverend Myung, where I have currently visited. Cults can be involved in churches and even are earliest religions are called cults. Cults are not the strongest groups' sects are the strongest group. When you join a sect you cannot get out of them but a cult you can leave without having any problem or commitment. Sects will not let you out because many times it's illegal and they are afraid that you will say something to the public. Cults sometimes are illegal to. Religious cults are in every town and village there is no definition of a cult that is accepted by sociologists and psychologist or religion many types of activities will take cult like structures, an example would be any popular trend like physical exercise this is called the physical fitness cult. Famous athletes are a big figure when it comes to cults, many times Movie stars, professional athletes will endorse a product and a trend will start, making it turn into a cult. Also people who generate beliefs of something like flying saucer, aliens or any unknown figures can be cult. In religion when people call a church they are referring to a sacred organization having a highly structured or formalized dogma and hierarchy, but also allowing a bit of flexibility about membership requirements allowing you to go to a church and leave church when you want to. Although sects are against church attempts to accommodate to secular society. Sects believe that they are protecting a true faith or belief. Sects tend to stay away from world events , and also they believe in a strong strict behavioral code and demand a commitment out of their people. The differences between cults and sects are sometimes the same. Many scholars do not make distinctions between the two. Cults are different because they do not expect as much commitment. Many times' cults do not expect couples to become apart. Cults do not last as long as sects. Many times' cults survive through a decade, and also cults allow you to come and go as you want. Leaders of cults build around a charismatic leader who has a lifestyle dedicated to a specific spirituality group that they know other people will follow. The word Mormonism began as a small cult then grew bigger until it became a sect and eventually into a church. All the new religions followed the same thing by beginning small and getting bigger than becoming a church. Cults go back as far as we know of life, cults began to get bigger and be known throughout the world in the late 1960?s and early 70?s as people were better educated and better understood how they were formed and how they were run and people began to join. During this time Youths and middle class people began to join cults because of the in thing to do and they felt more secure about themselves. Cults really started to fascinate people when Jimmy Jones cult began in November of 1978 when all attention was focused on the mass suicide in Jonestown, a similar event happened in 1993 when federal agents engaged in a shoot out with cult leader David Koresh. Modern cults have many different practices and many different ways of leadership. Some cults have a flexible functional leadership, like the groups in the charismatic movement coming from the mainland Christian religion, other cults have people who run and orchestrate cult events, like Reverend Myung Moon leader of the unification church. The reason people are attracted to modern cults because it puts emphasis on community and on direct experience with the divine. In cults' participants often find a level of social support and acceptance that they do not find in a nuclear family. This makes and generates a sense of belonging to something profound and a feel of being

Selena nguyen Essays (741 words) - Transport, Road Safety

Selena nguyen Essays (741 words) - Transport, Road Safety Selena nguyen Teenage driving When you were younger, did you ever ask your parents to drive you to your destinations, however they would say no? Growing up, children wait and wait until the day comes when they are finally sixteen and driving. They can now take themselves wherever they choose without relying on someone else. The law is deciding to increase the minimum driving age to eighteen. If the age does change, teenagers will have to wait longer until they are able to drive on their own. It can also affect many things that have already been established. Teen life, parent life, and teenagers' independence will be greatly affected. Teenagers benefit from driving at sixteen. Getting a driver's license early allows teens to work, enjoy extracurricular activities, and gain experience to prepare them for life after school. Teenagers who are employed learn how to function in a workplace. Employers prefer potential workers who have experience. Working gives teens a small fluid income. Teenagers who earn money learn valuable skills of saving money and personal finance. Along with having the ability to drive to work, teens with licenses can drive to extracurricular activities. Clubs and sports allow kids to discover and develop talents and interests. Adolescents find future careers in extracurricular activities. In addition, teens gain independence and life experience from driving. If the minimum driving age were to be raised to eighteen, many high school students would not be able to drive before they go to college. Driving is necessary for college. In order for college students to travel to classes, jobs, and housing , driving is a needed skill. The minimum driving age should not be changed. While this issue affects teens, it also has an effect on the parents. Parents welcome their children's independence. However, they appreciate it for different reasons. First, it allows parents to spend more time at work without making plans for their kids. This is especially useful when students live outside the bus area. Parents should not need to use their entire lunch break to drive their children home. Another reason teenagers should be able to drive at sixteen is so they can arrive at their extracurricular activities whenever needed. It saves parents from taking time off work to drive their children back and forth from school activities. If teenagers are able to drive, they can pick up younger siblings as well as drive themselves home. Finally, driving allows teenagers to transport themselves to and from jobs. Depending on the economic situation of the family, it could be helpful to have a small amount of easy income into the family for support. Teenagers who drive benefit their entire families. Parents, lawmakers, and even teenagers believe it is safer to wait until the age of eighteen. The opposition considers waiting until eighteen will teach teens responsibility and lower the chance of risk while driving. In driver's education, students are taught that during the first month of owning their license, new drivers are three times more likely to get into an accident. By waiting, new drivers will have more practice and experience driving. Sixteen year olds are more reckless and ill-prepared. At the age of eighteen, teenagers are more responsible and ready for maturity as they have finished their high school years and are going into college. Although the opposition believes young drivers are hazardous, the scenario would be similar to if teens had to wait until the age of eighteen. Due to waiting two more years for a license, teens will be restricted from traveling, causing a heavy reliance upon parents. Parents or guardians will have to leave their own occupation in order to help the child reach their destination. Parental jobs would become strained or even lost. Opportunities to make more money would disappear, hurting families' incomes and their financial status. In conclusion, the minimum driving age should not be raised from the age of sixteen. The effect on teens and their families would be too harsh. The independence that teens gain from driving at an early age allows them to obtain experience in the workplace and on the road. Furthermore, shortening their time on the road may result in more crashes. Parents of teens should not be obligated to drive

Cultivating Editor Relationships Bears Multi-Assignment Fruit

Cultivating Editor Relationships Bears Multi-Assignment Fruit Last week I sent a two-sentence query to the travel editor at the San Jose Mercury News about visiting specific spots in Southern California- would she be interested in an article? Her answer: â€Å"Sure. Sounds fun!† It can’t be that easy, right? Yes, it was- but only because I’d written many travel pieces for this editor over a number of years. Better yet, because my writing style and process clicked well with her needs, she’d actually created a loose category of articles (called â€Å"Trail Mix†) for me to conceive and write, of which the above was one. There will be many mixings of trails to come. Keeping in this vein, I once wrote a magazine piece about my girlfriend buying an old Airstream trailer sight unseen on eBay. The editor of a new Airstream magazine read it and contacted me about writing an article for his magazine. Yesterday I turned in what might be my 40th (if not more) article for the magazine. Don’t get me wrong: I’ve sent hundreds, perhaps thousands, of pitches that have died an un-replied death, and hundreds more that got me the one-sentence â€Å"not for us† reply. But occasionally, writers can connect with editors so that mutual trust, confidence, and suggested future work define the relationship. And don’t forget another component: getting paid regularly. Sure, Craft clear pitches: Be specific about an article’s scope and details. Include a suggested headline. Put in a succinct

ABB OUTSOURCING TO IBM Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

ABB OUTSOURCING TO IBM - Essay Example Most of the tasks that are outsourced are considered to be core to the business. Tasks such as billing, pay roll and data entry are some of the services that are outsourced to other companies. Outsourcing involves signing contracts that can last for many years and can also involve a lot of money. There are some very well known outsourcing companies or service providers across the world. IBM is one of the best known of the service providers who offer outsourcing services to other companies. One of the recent contracts that the company signed was with the Swedish company ABB. At the time when it was outsourcing its IT services, ABB had been suffering from serious financial problems. The executives decided to outsource the services as they thought that this would greatly help to lower the production cost incurred by the company. The company executives settled on IBM since it is a top player in the Information technology field (ABB Press Release, 2003). Being a Swedish company, ABB decided to use an international company that is based in the US. This off shoring agreement was valued at 1.1 million dollars. IBM was supposed to perform IT related services for ABB for ten years, as from the year 2003. IBM took over the IT infrastructure in ABB’s 14 stations in Europe and North America. This represent around 90% of Client Company’s IT based infrastructure. IBM was tasked with the duties of server management as well as the management of personal computers, operating systems, help desks and corporate networks that were part of the larger ABB group (The Hindu, 2002). IBM is a multinational company that deals with IT services among other things. This means that they have the machinery to ensure that all IT operations work out as they are supposed to. This explains ABB’s confidence in choosing IBM as the ideal company to carry out its IT functions. Different organizations have a variety

CRITQUE MY PEERS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

CRITQUE MY PEERS - Essay Example Similarly the essay refers to the possibility of the employees in daycare centers having criminal history, which the author backs up with suitable examples. This argument is also a valid one in terms of what one can observe in the society. The narration of the medical concerns and the mention of the amount the author had spent in treating a child sound a little weak. Medical problems do not seem to be the rampant issue in day care centers. If the author feels so, this contention should have been supported through research evidence. My suggestion would be to include some of the advantages of daycare centers such as they can come as a solace when both parents need to work at the same time. To refute this, I would argue that this does not qualify a daycare center to win the trust of parents. I would also include some suggestions relating to such facilities being more professional and the government or community involving more in the operation of such organizations to ensure that the consumer receives proper services. Does the author use signal phrases to introduce quotes? (Signal phrases are discussed in more detail in section 10g of The New Century Handbook. ) If so, provide an example. If not, suggest the correct way to do this. All quotations that the writer has used are stand alone, without integrating them into the writing. The author also has not used signal phrases appropriately. I personally believe that rather than using stand alone quotations, the writer can integrate the quotes into the writing so that the prose will have better coherence and flow. The writer has not used proper in-text citations in the paper at this stage. However, it appears that because this is a draft. The citations, as they are now, do not follow the standard requirements for acknowledging the sources. I presume the writer will address this issue before submitting the final paper. The

Review of three political classic film Research Paper

Review of three political classic film - Research Paper Example With the fall of Berlin Wall, Capitalism had been advanced in East Berlin and Alex becomes unemployed only to meet Denis Domaschke, a filmmaker who becomes his ally. Christiane recuperates after eight months in grave health still traumatised from the events that she had faced. To protect her mother, Alex attempts to conceal the newly presented unjust Germany from her mother who had been emotionally affected. Christiane had been the victim in the movie who underwent a series of tragedies after her husband abandons her. Ariane, Alex and his girlfriend Lara had formulated the plan to conceal the changes that had occurred in the government into a dictatorial regime, when they had confined her to her bedroom. East Germany had been connected with the West on the fall of the Berlin wall, and capitalism shaping the society that the families dominated (Becker, 2003). The movie depicts the contradiction of the expected life by personalities like Alex who experienced an oppressive society after advocating for the demolition of the Berlin wall. The unity in the two regions had been presented in the movie using Christiane who died after the official reunification of Germany (Becker, 2003). Western Germany had been considered the venue that presented more challenges to individuals and Christiane evaded transporting his children to the state joining, the Socialists to offer protection to her family. Even with the unity, variable rules are still prohibited, and the family has to break the law in spreading Christiane’s ashes in the wind. The battle of Algiers 1966 The movie had been created to suggest the tension that had existed between Algerians and the French in the quest to articulate justice. This action had been the norm presented in the nations that had the desire to achieve self-governance and liberation. However, with the dominant nations, the challenge presented had been in the expertise and the skills available to achieve the witnessed victory. The Algerians h ad opted to use massive tactics and bombs as compared to the ruling French who included torture as a means in exerting their dominance. The events in the story are told through the memory of Ali, who had been a key member within the Algerian Front de Liberation Nationale (FLN). He had been captured in 1957 following the attempt by the French to impose their rule (Pontecorvo, 1996). Earlier, Ali who had been a criminal within his society joined the group in the attempt to obtain liberalization. The rebel groups formed led to a national movement that saw unity developed in the attempt to rid the foreign rule. The majority of the casualty had been French police officers that saw retaliation of the massive massacre of Algerians. The events led to revenge killings that summed in Colonel Mathieu leading the efforts to destroy NFL. Ali remained the last NFL member to be captured, and he had been assassinated after the flashback. The NFL efforts had been noticed in 1962, when Algerians mana ged to be self governed. Dr. Stangelove The movie suggest the bureaucracy that had existed within the United States and the Soviet Union with the inclusion of the nuclear technology. The commanding General, Jack Ripper ordered his B52 squad to overturn the agreement and attack the Soviet Union. The events see the General protect the base through formulating a barrier against the external environment. The other participant in Leper Colony failed to acknowledge the actions that ordered the attack until the

Wireless management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Wireless management - Essay Example In such cases, you would use a WLAN Router, often available as combination unit of WLAN-router and DSL / ADSL modem. Using a Wireless Access-point, networks can be configured with systems connected via cables and via Wireless connections. (WLAN, 2006). If we analyze an overview of the content manager we would come to know the role "content manager" plays in managing various services. It enables you to edit services, including mobile services. These reusable services can be invoked as a normal service, or by another service to return a result to that service. Wireless provides several mobile services that are ready for deployment, including those for such Personal Information Management (PIM) tools as calendar, address book, fax, and mail. (Oracle 9i, AS).Today wireless data networks exist in such a wide variety that it is difficult to compare and categorize them separately. Some wireless data networks run over wireless voice networks such as mobile telephone networks. Examples are CD PD (Cellular Digital Packet Data), HSCSD (High Speed Circuit Switched Data), PDC-P (Packet Data Cellular) and GPRS (General Packet Radio Service). Other wireless networks run on their own physical networks, utilizing anything from antennas built into handheld devices to large antennas mounted on towers. Examples are 802.11, LMDS and MMDS. A few wireless networks are intended only to connect small devices over short distances. Blue tooth is an example. (Wireless, 2006).Here we would discuss about managing Wifi or 802.11 networks. ... The speed at which data can be transmitted over a modulated carrier depends on a number of factors, including available bandwidth and the specific type of modulation used. Complex modulation schemes, such as 64-Quadrature Ampliture Modulation on 54-Mbps 802.11 WLANs, carry more bits per unit of time than simpler schemes, like the Differential Binary Phase Shift Keying used on 1-Mbps WLANs. If a complex modulation scheme isn't supported by high-quality RF signals, errors will occur. Because signal quality decreases over the RF medium, there's always a trade-off between speed and distance. Radio waves that travel through the air attenuate faster than RF signals carried by cable modems running over a hybrid fiber-coax cabling system. (Network Computing, 2006) Wi-Fi networks use radio spectrum designated by the FCC and other regulatory bodies for unlicensed operators. This "buy, install and run" approach is one thing that makes Wi-Fi so appealing. Although you don't need a license to operate a Wi-Fi system, vendors' products must be certified to ensure they adhere to FCC rules. (Network Computing, 2006) FCC regulations govern the use of 83.5 MHz of spectrum between 2.4 and 2.4835 GHz, known as the 2.4 GHz ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical) band, as well as the 300 MHz of spectrum in the 5 GHz UNII (Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure) bands. The 5 GHz UNII bands include 200 MHz between 5.15 and 5.35 GHz and 100 MHz between 5.725 and 5.825 GHz. Each Wi-Fi device, whether it's a PC card, a NIC or an AP (access point), acts as a transceiver that transmits and receives radio signals. Since all Wi-Fi systems use high-frequency microwave signals, the signals attenuate rapidly. Higher-frequency 5-GHz 802.11a signals experience s omewhat greater

Research design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Research design - Essay Example The essay also examines the fundamental principles of each feature and the significance of their contribution to the results of the study. Finally, I have discussed the limitations of the RCT as used in this study and concluded by reinstating that the RCT carried in this study had a significant level of accuracy and success. Randomized Control Trial (RCT) is one of the most rigorous ways of determining whether the mode of treatment chosen and the outcome of the treatment have a cause-effect relationship. This is done by looking at the cost-effectiveness of a regime of treatment chosen. Randomization during RCT entails two procedures whereby the first step is choosing the randomization procedure that will help in coming up with an allocation that cannot be predicted. Thereafter, the allocations shall be concealed to ensure that the assignment of patients is not revealed before they are allocated to their respective groups. The allocation is not determined by the study participants or investigators. The aim of random allocation of participants is to ensure that the attributes of the participants are as similar as possible across sets at the beginning of the comparison. Proper randomization reduces the threat of a severe disparity in known and unknown factors that could affect the participants. Blinding in RCTs also known as masking is done to minimize bias. In a single blinded study, the subjects are uninformed of which group they have been assigned to, but the researchers recognize whether they have been assigned to control or treatment group. In a double blind study, both the subjects and the researchers know the groups that the subjects have been allocated to. A double blind study is regarded as being more rigorous than the single blinded study. However the readers must always consider if a study does not blind the subjects

Wireless management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Wireless management - Essay Example In such cases, you would use a WLAN Router, often available as combination unit of WLAN-router and DSL / ADSL modem. Using a Wireless Access-point, networks can be configured with systems connected via cables and via Wireless connections. (WLAN, 2006). If we analyze an overview of the content manager we would come to know the role "content manager" plays in managing various services. It enables you to edit services, including mobile services. These reusable services can be invoked as a normal service, or by another service to return a result to that service. Wireless provides several mobile services that are ready for deployment, including those for such Personal Information Management (PIM) tools as calendar, address book, fax, and mail. (Oracle 9i, AS).Today wireless data networks exist in such a wide variety that it is difficult to compare and categorize them separately. Some wireless data networks run over wireless voice networks such as mobile telephone networks. Examples are CD PD (Cellular Digital Packet Data), HSCSD (High Speed Circuit Switched Data), PDC-P (Packet Data Cellular) and GPRS (General Packet Radio Service). Other wireless networks run on their own physical networks, utilizing anything from antennas built into handheld devices to large antennas mounted on towers. Examples are 802.11, LMDS and MMDS. A few wireless networks are intended only to connect small devices over short distances. Blue tooth is an example. (Wireless, 2006).Here we would discuss about managing Wifi or 802.11 networks. ... The speed at which data can be transmitted over a modulated carrier depends on a number of factors, including available bandwidth and the specific type of modulation used. Complex modulation schemes, such as 64-Quadrature Ampliture Modulation on 54-Mbps 802.11 WLANs, carry more bits per unit of time than simpler schemes, like the Differential Binary Phase Shift Keying used on 1-Mbps WLANs. If a complex modulation scheme isn't supported by high-quality RF signals, errors will occur. Because signal quality decreases over the RF medium, there's always a trade-off between speed and distance. Radio waves that travel through the air attenuate faster than RF signals carried by cable modems running over a hybrid fiber-coax cabling system. (Network Computing, 2006) Wi-Fi networks use radio spectrum designated by the FCC and other regulatory bodies for unlicensed operators. This "buy, install and run" approach is one thing that makes Wi-Fi so appealing. Although you don't need a license to operate a Wi-Fi system, vendors' products must be certified to ensure they adhere to FCC rules. (Network Computing, 2006) FCC regulations govern the use of 83.5 MHz of spectrum between 2.4 and 2.4835 GHz, known as the 2.4 GHz ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical) band, as well as the 300 MHz of spectrum in the 5 GHz UNII (Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure) bands. The 5 GHz UNII bands include 200 MHz between 5.15 and 5.35 GHz and 100 MHz between 5.725 and 5.825 GHz. Each Wi-Fi device, whether it's a PC card, a NIC or an AP (access point), acts as a transceiver that transmits and receives radio signals. Since all Wi-Fi systems use high-frequency microwave signals, the signals attenuate rapidly. Higher-frequency 5-GHz 802.11a signals experience s omewhat greater

Using Exposure Therapy to treat Post Traumatic Stress Disorder in Research Paper

Using Exposure Therapy to treat Post Traumatic Stress Disorder in adults survivors of child-hood abuse - Research Paper Example Exposure therapy relieves an individual to a greater extent from the psycho-social, interpersonal and professional impairments. The most methodologically strong studies manifest that psychotherapy along with exposure therapy bring rewarding outcomes (Robertson, 2004). Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is related with considerable indicative morbidity. These individuals exhibit elevated levels of offensive thoughts or memoirs about the traumatic event with severe nightmarish. They do have flashbacks. Mere reminders may be perceived in the form of physical responses like amplified heart rate, profuse sweating or distress (Robertson, 2004). Individuals with terrible or appalling experience in childhood are severely affected. PTSD individuals display avoidance symptoms, they avoid socialization or visit to places that bring those harsh memories back, they feel isolated and secluded. These beliefs if not treated within time then it may become devastating and adulthood of child either becomes rebellious or behaviour may culminate into a psychotic disorders with great intensity of insecurity being seeded in every pursuit of life (Keane, 2002). It is essential to understand the psychology of PTSD individuals. Various psychological theories have been postulated claiming to be the remedy for PTSD, but the most efficient is "Exposure Therapy". It treats the individual through alteration or modification in behaviour by enabling them to overcome the disturbing thoughts or distressing incidence (Keane, 2002). Exposure therapy aims at enabling a person to diminish his/ her trepidations and apprehensions by means of eradicating avoidance behaviour. It deals with the confrontation of an individual with the same set of feelings or situations that he fears without avoiding them. This may be done by unswervingly exposing someone to a terrified entity or picture or going back in time to envisage

Problems of students Essay Example for Free

Problems of students Essay Top 10 Problems of Students While time spent at college is a fond memory and a happy experience for most, college life is not without its rough patches and problems. While each person problems are unique to their current circumstances, I know that there are a few problems that almost all college students deal with at least once during their time at school. College is not high school so please do not think its a walk in the park. Depending on what type of school you are going to, depends on what kind of problems you are going to face. Certain problems, you going to face regardless of what type of school you are going too. Most common problems of college student are the following. 1. First Day of School ? University students also face problems with making new friends. University is a new chapter in life, and with every new chapter, we have to try to meet new people and make new friends. It is normal for people to feel shy in the beginning, especially when they don’t know anyone around them. Students should learn to step out of their comfort zones and put themselves out there when trying to make new friends. It always seems that people are always just waiting for someone to approach them because they are too shy to make the first move. So, why not try taking the first step, and maybe you’ll find yourself heading towards a really wonderful friendship. 2. Relationship Thingy! Another problem we often hear students talk about are relationship problems. University students are usually at the age where they are looking for someone to share their lives with. We hear many stories about students getting into a relationship too quickly, and things going sour because both parties didn’t know each other well enough as friends. Maybe we should accept some advice from the older generation when they always say that we should always strive to get to know a person of the  opposite sex as a friend, before deciding if there is anything more to pursue with the person. There seems to be very little success rate when rushing into a relationship with someone we do not know well enough. 3. I’m so stress. . When a person faces any type of problems in their daily life, we will definitely find that the person is under high amounts of stress. This applies very aptly to the life a university student. Students are very susceptible to stress when they have any of the above mentioned problems. One good way to deal with stress is to exercise. Exercising helps release endorphins which is a hormone that helps our body relax and feel good. Students who exercise seem to be able to handle stress a lot better than those who do not exercise. 4. Problem everywhere -. The unavoidable problem that students will have to face is problems with their studies. Whether it is a topic that is very hard to grasp, a misunderstanding with a group mate, or just not knowing how to do the work given to them, students will definitely face these sort of problems. It appears that when a student faces these sort of problems, they like to just keep it to themselves, or complain about it to their peer. The solution to these sort of problems is to address it and bring it up to the lecturer, or ask a friend if they can help you with it. Rather than just complaining that they do not understand what is going on, they should seek assistance to help solve their problem. 5. Still Sleepy \^o^/ Many students also suffer from irregular sleeping patterns. Students have assignments, projects and deadlines that appear almost daily after each class. A lot of them spend their time doing all those assigned work during the hours that they are supposed to be asleep. Some of them claim that they work better at night, but it is a  very unhealthy habit. It would be good if students could learn to finish up their work in the day time and leave the night-time to sleeping as that is the time where your body is regenerating, mending, and creating new cells. There is a discipline that should be built into a student when it comes to assignments. They should try their very hardest not to leave their work to the last possible minute. 6. My Hectic Schedule -. Another problem that university students face is poor time management. Due to their busy lifestyles, students often find it hard to find a good balance between their  studies, social lives and working lives. Students should strive to have a planned schedule for their day so that they can try to maximize their productivity and not fall behind in any aspects of their lives. Students often have to learn to be independent and responsible with managing their time, when in university, away from the direct guidance of their parents. 7. Why you’re so Slow Internet? _ With most universities and colleges making use of technology, it’s always an instant heart attack for you when it’s time to enroll in classes and check grades. To  make matters worse, everyone else is trying to access the website of your school hence the slower loading of the page and also in doing assignments and projects. You end up holding your breath while your heart attempts to break free from your body. The struggle is real! 8. Suspension Abangers *. * You stay up late at night and refresh your Twitter account every minute to see if there are suspension announcements. You wake up early in the morning with high hopes of class suspensions because the rain is too strong. You wait, and wait, and wait. You struggle with the thoughts of facing the storm or continue hoping for a class  suspension. You end up going to school anyway; but just as you’re finally at the end of your storm challenge, the suspension you’ve longed for comes and then you just stare at an empty space and mentally flip all the tables in your school. 9. Lack of Confidence There are students who do not believe in their ability to do well in college. Rather than focusing on their abilities and what they are capable of achieving, they place more emphasis on what they feel they can’t achieve. If you tell yourself, â€Å"I’ve always been lousy at math, I am going to fail this course,† then chances are, you probably will. 10. Commute line Don’t you hate it when you wake up early and leave early, but still end up being late for class because of those horrible commute lines? It’s definitely extremely frustrating when you arrive at the terminal or station only to find out that the end of the line is nowhere in sight These are just ten of the many problems that college students face. In the end, is college worth facing these problems and struggles? While students get stressed to the max, the good times outweigh the problem times and the college experience becomes one which shapes the minds and futures of many young people worldwide.

Threat Perception Of Singapore Toward Indonesia And Malaysia History Essay

Threat Perception Of Singapore Toward Indonesia And Malaysia History Essay The ability of economies of Southeast Asia particularly Singapore, Indonesia and Malaysia are reflected in the rate of economic growth increased rapidly until 1997 (when the economic crisis started to hit), has encouraged and enabled the acquisition and armaments dynamics. Then from the perspective of having a model of technology (technological imperative), the development of the local defense industry can contribute to the dynamics of weaponry in Southeast Asia. The end of the Cold War allowed the development of production, in addition to the skills themselves also because of licensing manufacturers are no longer confined to the West. Dynamics armament that occurred in the post-Cold War will be investigated relation (interactive relationships and non-interactive) with the following variables: From the international environment, fundamental changes in the regional security configuration above, when the post-Cold War perceived by Singapore, Indonesia and Malaysia as: 1. The shift in the defense structure that requires them to participate maintain and ensure their own interests by increasing the quality and quantity of weapons development; 2. The end of the cold war is perceived as a change in the security threat of global conflict threat to local security threat salience of intra and extra-regional conflicts; 3. Necessity countries in Southeast Asia to arm yourself with the increasing military projection of regional powers are viewed as the security dilemma, and 4. Improving the quality and quantity of armaments development of Southeast Asian countries is made possible and facilitated by the ease in the arms market. While the domestic environment post-cold war weapons impact the dynamics of Southeast Asian countries in terms of: 1. Improving the quality and quantity of armaments development of Southeast Asian countries is made possible and facilitated by the capabilities of the economy, and 2. Improving the quality and quantity of armaments development of Southeast Asian countries caused the development of the local defense industry as a manifestation of the importance of technology transfer to developing countries. To determine the dynamics armament and military posture of Singapore to Indonesia and Malaysia, can be seen through exposure to three key indicators comprising: 1. Expenditure budget military / defense; 2. Development of strength (personnel) of the armed forces, and 3. The dynamics of ownership / acquisition and deployment of the weapon. Spending budget military / defense of a country or group of countries, can be seen through several indicators: 1. Military spending in constant prices, expenses are calculated based on the fixed exchange rate (in this case the U.S. dollar) as a means of currency exchange official between countries; 2. Military spending in the price level walking, expenses are calculated based on the exchange rate of the local currency of each country; 3. Military spending as a proportion of GDP (Gross Domestic Product / GDP) of a country, 4. Military budget was calculated on the basis of proportion per capita (income per capita) of a country. The military budget is the clearest expression of the efforts of the nation to pay for security. Military spending is a commitment or funding organization for the purposes of securing and improving security of the state of the military threat, whether physical (real) or psychological (at the level of perception), internal or external. The use of the military budget of a country usually have a variety of functions following the financial system of each country, but generally allocated to the following: regular budget (salary) active and retired soldiers, buying new weapons, research and development, maintenance and operations, construction and development of infrastructure. The percentage allocation of each budget item, in addition to different each year, is different for each country corresponding financial capacity of each country. Chapter III Threat Perception of Singapore toward Indonesia and Malaysia Threat Perception Singapore As the newly established Singapore continue to seek salvation (survival), regularity (order), and prosperity, it is becoming a very dominant theme of political Singapore. Since I was in the British colonies, these themes are a concern in government policy, and it continued when he decided to join Malaysia in 1963. Threats to the safety of Singapore is still continuing, that when faced with the impact of Indonesias confrontation with Malaysia. To deal with a hostile regional environment (surrounded by a large country with a Muslim majority), Singapore, rapid economic development policies based on a domestic environment conducive designed, and far-reaching to guarantee its sovereignty. Since 1969, Singapore was able to consolidate the independence, stability, and survival until now. This success can not be separated from economic success and the investment community values à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹and quality of educated Singapore (Singapore Meritocracy). With the limitation s imposed by Singapore, both from natural resources, vast territory, and geopolitical position is not favorable due to the strategic location of the event as well as the world struggle for influence, the Singapore government to develop policies Foreign Politics in order to: 1. National Security: The location of the pinched and narrow area which is the dominant factor unfavorable to defense and security. Therefore, Singapore has always wary of Indonesia and Malaysia, where relations between the two countries have not harmonized with Singapore and to anticipate, Singapore developed: the idea of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹the defense pact in Southeast Asia emphasizing terms Southeast Asian countries will not change borders by force and large countries guarantee the security of Southeast Asia, offers a military base for the U.S. military to improve the quality, support ZOPFAN, and still join the British Commonwealth. 2. National Building: National integration is a problem faced by Singapore as a multiethnic population. Singapore to Malaysia and Indonesia stressed that although China is the ethnic majority but Singapore is not China the third country. 3. Economic Survival:    The limitation of natural resources, Singapore relied economic needs of other countries even though such vital water supply from Malaysia. Singapore take advantage of its strategic location as a shipping traffic and world trade by opening a free port and enterport world. In addition, Singapore harness manufacturing industry development as the second pillar economy, which is export-oriented, labor-intensive and capital-intensive. Singapore is highly dependent on the world market and foreign investment to meet the needs of its economy. To that end, Singapore needs to create an atmosphere that is conducive to the smooth flow of investments into the country, especially by establishing a balance of power in Southeast Asia and regional cooperation. Spacious living room becomes very important country in terms of the strategic: for there shall apply strategies to exchange time with space, where the literal meaning is the availability / provision of certain parts of the space occupied by the enemy temporarily, while we prepare for a deadly counterattack, it is only be done if the state space is quite large. But what about Singapore, a country with a narrow then open only one option, namely: Pre-emptive Strike or attack before the enemy is ready. Why is that, in the absence of enough space to prepare for the logistical support (space or area behind), preparation for combat use (space or area of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹communication), and is used to maneuver and hit the enemy (or space combat area) and when viewed in terms of strategy, vast state space to determine the level of security of the citizens (security feeling); meaning as a nation how they react and respond to threats from the outside. It is not surprising tha t the living space can influence or even determine the character of a nation. Even according to Morgenthau nations character is one of the factors that determine the strength and resilience of the nation. Conflicts of Chinesse Overseas Minorities in the Malay Peninsula.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Colonial Southeast Asia has left the term Overseas Chinese, which is still retained. But changes in the political atmosphere of the colonial era to independence has been fundamentally affect the meaning of the term Overseas Chinese is. In the colonial era the term Overseas Chinese referred to all ethnic of China (ie the bloody Chinese) who live outside the country of China and the claimed by the Chinese government as citizens. This claim is recognized byWestern nations who control and dominate Southeast Asia world politics and international law. By definition, it means that in Southeast Asia free term Chinese immigrants should be limited to ethnic Chinese who live outside China and the countries still maintain his Chinese citizenship. But this time the meaning Chinesse Overseas also includes those who have embraced citizenship as citizenship Southeast Asia Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore and so on. Ethnic Chinese Malaysia Ethnic Chinese Malaysian Chinese is outside the country to be a citizen or permanent resident of Malaysia. Most of them are descendants of Chinese immigrants who arrived in Malaysia around the 15th century until the mid-20th century. In Malaysia, these people are generally referred to as Chinese in all languages. The term Chinese Malaysian is rather rarely used in this country. Early Chinese immigrants (from the 15th century in Malacca; 18th-century Penang) form a tribe of the Chinese Peranakan or Straits Chinese who converted many indigenous Malays gradually and differently (part of Penang, Malacca comprehensive), Malay , but still embrace origin. In turn, the subsequent arrivals (in the early 19th century) are still practicing traditional Chinese known as sinkheh (new guest). The Chinese in Malaysia practice community identity that is very different from the other, and rarely did intermarry with Malays for religious and cultural reasons. Under Malaysian law, ethnic intermarriage not require the Muslims to embrace her partner. Most Malaysian Chinese consider their chinesse as an ethnic identity, culture and politics. The Chinese dominated Malaysia since Malaysias economy for so long, but since the New Economic Association, introduced by the royal Malaysia to provide equity in the economic life of the country, so that their dominance in the economic life shrinks. Nevertheless, they still form the majority of simple and high-income groups in Malaysia. In 2006, there were 7 to 7.5 million Chinese in Malaysia. Until 2004, they became the richest nation in Malaysia with 40.9 mastery peratus amount of property the state economy. Riots May 13, 1969 in Malaysia May 13 Incident is a term for race riots between Chinese and Malays happened in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia on May 13, 1969 that left at least 184 people died. In 1963, Malaysia suffered from a wealth disparity between the Chinese groups were generally merchants, who controlled most of the Malaysian economy, the poor, the Malay population. In addition, the Chinese also control most of the countrys wealth. Race riots in Singapore in 1964 is also one of the causes of the countrys exit from Malaysia (formerly Singapore was part of Malaysia), and racial tensions continue. Most Malays are not satisfied with the newly independent states that are willing to appease the ethnic Chinese with their spending. On May 10, 1969 elections, the ruling Alliance coalition led by the United Malays National Organization (UMNO) suffered a major defeat. Chinas largest party faction Democratic Action Party and the Movement got the vote, and the right to hold a victory parade through the path that has been set in Kuala Lumpur. However, the march was noisy and rough and deviate from the track and towards the Malay Kampong Bahru district. Although the Movement Party issued an apology the next day, UMNO announced a rival march from Selangor state chief Dato Harun bin Idris in Jalan Raja Muda. Reportedly, the gathering was told that the Malays are heading the procession was attacked by ethnic Chinese in Setapak, several miles north. The angry protesters quickly held a vengeance by killing two passing motorcyclists, and the riot exploded. When riots took place loudspeakers in mosques are used to encourage the rioters to continue their action. Rioters went into effect in the capital Kuala Lumpur and Selango r areas around the country, with the exception of minor disturbances in Malacca elsewhere in the country remains peaceful. National emergency and a curfew was announced on May 16 but reduced curfew in some parts of the country on May 18 and removed within a week in the center of Kuala Lumpur. According to police data, 184 people died and 356 were injured, 753 recorded cases of arson and 211 vehicles were destroyed or severely damaged. Other sources put the number who died around 196 people or even more than 200 people. Some even predicted the death toll reached 700 people as a result of the unrest. Issues of class and race that touches the emotions and sentiments of the main theme throughout the election campaign of 1969 resulted in an increased spirit of the Malays and Chinese in Malaysia. During the 1969 election campaign, candidates and members of political parties, especially from the opposition, raising sensitive issues related to national language (Bahasa Melayu), special position of the Malays (Bumiputera) and the democratic rights of non-Malays. This raises racial sentiment and suspicion. May 13 incident has sparked outrage in neighboring Singapore. Singapore Chinese people who are not happy with what happened to the Chinese Malaysian in Malaysia, began to riot ag ainst the Singapore Malays in Kampong Glam and Chinatown. Street barricades installed by the military to prevent further violence. But casualties are not as high as in Malaysia. Since May 13, 1969 racial riots that almost dragged the neighboring country to civil war raged on, the government took the initiative to create a policy package called the New Economic Association in 1971 aimed at addressing the economic gap between the Malays and Chinese. Policy that many believe has lifted the welfare of the ethnic Malays on one side, but the disadvantage of ethnic Chinese and Indians on the other side. With the governments New Economic Association Malaysia scoring rules requiring 30% stake owned by ethnic Malays, while 40% of non-Malay ethnic destined that included ethnic Chinese and Indians, and the remaining 30% for foreigners. The policy was successfully raised Malays economic downturn. Though slowly, the accumulation of capital in the hands of the Malays rose sharply from just 4% in 1970 to around 20% in 1997. In the education sector is also presented policy priority to ethnic Malays quota to be able to receive education easily in public universities. Although the quota applies only to 2003, no fewer ethnic minority criticized the policy of favoritism. Portion of 40% shareholding for non-ethnic Malays can not be denied is dominated by ethnic Chinese who are already showing its existence in the economy impressively long before Malaysia became independent in 1957. Between 1970 and 1990, the ethnic Chinese shareholdings experienced a significant spike up to 46%. Racial Conflict in Singapore On 16 September 1963, Singapore joined the Federation of Malaya together with Sabah and Sarawak. Political competition in the relationship between the People Action Party (PAP) with the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) of the rules of each party from Singapore and Malaysia have an impact on the history of the two countries today. Racial tensions increased dramatically in recent years when it was triggered by the Barisan Socialist tactics of communal sentiment against the federal government of Singapore and Malaysia. From the facts on the ground, the ethnic Chinese in Singapore felt insulted by the discriminatory treatment by federal policy regarding the actions of the group who agreed to recognize the privileges of the Malays in Article 153 of the Constitution of Malaysia. The policy also provides financial and economic benefits given special treatment to ethnic Malays. Lee Kuan Yew and other political leaders began to struggle for justice and equal treatment of all ethnic groups in Malaysia, with the slogan Malaysian Malaysia. Meanwhile, the Malays in Singapore were incited the federal government accusations that the PAP had committed abuses against ethnic Malays there. The political situation at the external level at that time also began to heat up when President Sukarno of Indonesia declared that free Indonesia confrontation against Malaysia and initiated military attacks and other actions against the new nation, including the bombing of MacDonald House (formerly known as the Hongkong and Shanghai Bank Building) in Singapore on March 10, 1965 by Indonesia, which killed three Marines Singaporeans and also conduct activities to provoke the Malays against ethnic Chinese. The number of race riots that occurred led to the enactment of a curfew to secure areas vulnerable to unrest. One of the worst riots ever happened Ethnic Riots in Singapore is the first occurred in 1964 when the great day of the Prophets Birthday on July 21, 1964, which killed 23 people and injured 400. Three months later, 2 September 1964, the Indonesian army with volunteers from Malaysia raids, targeting Labis, also in the region of Johor, and for 72 hours back a new race riot burn Singapore. During the riots, food prices soared due to turmoil transport system resulting in difficulties in the community. State and federal government are also experiencing economic conflict, UMNO leaders are afraid that if the economic dominance of Singapore would inevitably political power Kuala Lumpur. Although the merger agreement at the beginning made to establish a common market, eliminating trade tariffs, and tackle unemployment, Singapore continued to face trade restrictions imposed Malaysia. In retaliation, Singapore refused to provide full credit for Sabah and Sarawak of the agreements that were made prior to the economic development in the two states. The intensity of the situation increased conversation that did not end as well as speeches and writings that became a widespread issue on both sides. And caused the leaders of UMNO extremists call the Lee Kuan Yew to be detained. After going so much competition in the field of economics and politics in the Federation of Malaya, and rampant racial riots inescapable that has claimed many victims on both sides. Finally, on August 9, 1965, Lee Kuan Yew announced the separation of Singapore from the Federation of Malaya, the decision was taken after Malaysian Prime Minister Tunku Abdul Rahman decided to remove Singapore from the federation because it is an alternative to avoid further bloodshed On the same day, the decision This has also been approved by the Malaysian parliament with the results of voting 126-0 for the separation of Singapore. After the official Singapore separated from the Federation of Malaya, Singapore became an independent republic and sovereign with all the security and social issues that must be faced as the countrys newly established thus reaping a negative response from the international community over the issue. The Orientation of Singaporean Defence The Singapore Armed Forces (The Singapore Armed Forces) consists of three branches of the Army (the Singapore Army), Air Force (the Republic of Singapore Air Force / RSAF) and Navy (the Republic of Singapore Navy / RSN). Singapore Armed Forces to implement the obligation to its citizens to military service as an active army and reserve forces that can be driven more than 300,000 out of 72,500 active armed forces for the defense of the country. Republic of Singapore Air Force (RSAF) as Singapores air defense command, while the Republic of Singapore Navy (RSN) is responsible for the defense of Singapore against the threat of piracy and protection of territorial boundaries. a. History Military Rule of Singapore began its strategic geographic location in which the exploitation of resource assets by foreign colonial natives and residents. Archeological excavations have been recovered from the remains of the port and fortress forms of the pre-colonial era in Singapore. Sir Stamford Raffles, the founder of modern Singapore has chosen Singapore in 1819 to build a new colony with a concentration on security for British interests in the Far East against the Dutch influence. Singapore thus play an active role against the interests of the British military for decades, especially in the years of world war. In 1965 Singapore gained independence, but Singapore has only two infantry regiments at that time commanded by British officers, and was formed by almost all foreigners. A small country surrounded by great neighbors led to Singapore should immediately establish a military force comparable to the countries before, so in the end Singapore secretly contacted Israel to send m ilitary experts to help Singapore build a model of the defense as part of the Force Armament Israel (The Israel Defense Forces). b. Defense Policy Deterrence and diplomacy has been a fundamental principle in Singapores military defense policy, military in recent years Singapore has developed an extensive network with the armed forces of other countries. Currently, Singapore is also increasing concerns about the security of international peace and relief operations, particularly in the security of peace operations in East Timor and the Gulf, and also in the handling of the tsunami catastrophe in the Indian Ocean in 2004, Nias Earthquake in 2005 and Earthquakes in Yogyakarta and Central Java in Indonesia in 2006. Based on the opinion of a military and strategic analyst Tim Huxley in Defending the Lion City, Singapore is known to apply the doctrine of military defense line, military doctrine is the level of military planning between national strategy and unit level planning tactics, techniques and procedures. In a statement to the press, the Ministry of Defence Singapore illustrates that the Singapore Armed Forces is the antidote to attacks from outside forces which prevent the war and if it fails, then quickly secured to achieve victory. c. Defense Total In 1984, the concept of Total Defence was introduced to reinforce the need for all countries, not only in the military field, but also contribute and work together on issues of national defense. Total Defence concept consists of five aspects, namely Military Defence, Civil Defence, Economic Defence, Social Defence, Defence Psychology. d. Army Personnel Strength Population size does not allow Singapore citizens to form a standing army entirely, for which in 1967 introduced the National Service to build a power source in any individual citizen or better known as the draft that can be driven quickly and effectively worth. Today, the armed forces numbered about 32,000 personnel career and coupled with the number 39,800 active military service in the National Service. Number of Main Singapore Armed Forces currently numbers 350,000 or commonly referred to as Operationally-Ready National Servicemen (ORNSmen) while the National Service (NS) is a term military service for all male Singapore citizens and second generation permanent residents who have reached the age of 18. Singapore Armed Forces policy leads nation in which the Malays have the same religion and the nation with the largest neighboring countries namely Malaysia Singapore and Indonesia which have been the source of controversy over the years. Malay people actually excluded from the obligation of military service from the beginning of the draft legislation between 1967 and 1977 and after the policy was issued, and then set out only to serve in the police and civil defense (fire brigade) and not active in the battle. In 1987, Lee Hsien Loong (second Defence Minister) said that if there is a conflict, in which the Singapore Armed Forces are called to defend the homeland, we do not want to put our soldiers in a difficult position where their emotional for the nation against the religion and then in and The Roar of the Lion City (2007), military analyst Sean Walsh claimed that official discrimination against the Malay population remains a nation that is open secret. Singapore Ministry of Defen ce confirmed an instruction to negate Pilot of the Malay race, Command Military and air defense personnel and issuing statements that the proportion of eligible Malays nation selected as a specialist and expert training is comparable to the proportion of non-Malay nation that meets the requirements. in National Service, women in military service, but was discharged after a turn in the position Experts such as assault and combat pilot, while the non-combat instance largely in the logistics in recent years. levels lineup positions available for women who have developed constantly, but still limited, the Singapore Air Force in July 2007 has been inaugurated an exhibition layout light contributed to women in the armed forces. e. National Service National Service was compulsory military service for male citizens who have reached the age of 18 years and this obligation can not be suspended for educational reasons. Full-time national service (NSF) in the first three years of the commission and another two years in office, but was later changed to two years and six months for the army with the rank of Corporal or higher on it, and two years for the post of Lance Corporal or lower underneath. In June 2004 the NSF back shorten the period to two years of compulsory military service for all men who work full time, this is due to changes in population demographics and recruitment of soldiers in each year. During stints at the NSF, the soldiers will be considered to the extent of their preparedness deployed in the field (operationally-ready date) or known as operationally-ready national servicemen (NSmen). Most NSmen to undergo military training in a turnaround time of 10 years military service in the placement of the unit, and then b e on call every year for training, training courses and other physical tests. f. Training All the attacking force must follow a three-month basic training (Basic Military Trainning) at the Basic Military Training Centre, located off the coast of Pulau tekong, or at a specified military units directly. Recruitment is done by a process such as skills courses in the field of battle, in the forest for basic survival, camouflage, individual weapons training operation, and marksmanship. During the training, they are also required to take a skills program and potential positions after which they were placed in Officer Cadambilet School or the School of Infantry Specialists respectively. In the recruitment process have also put them in different units or schools, where they can continue in specialized vocational training. g. Military Education At first, officials commissioned officer rank officers from Singapore after they obtain advanced level A or level of the General Certificate of Education which began in the third training. At the time of the recruitment process has been reduced, the Singapore Armed Forces still criticized the use of the promotion system based more on education and scholarships than proving proficiency graduates. The officers receive initial training at three institutions namely leadership Officer Cadet School (OCS) at the SAFTI Military Institute (SAFTI MI) is a headquarters of the Corps Officer, then as they progress, they can proceed to the formal military education at the SAF Advanced Schools and in the Singapore Command and Staff College are also located in the SAFTI Military Institute (SAFTI MI). An officer is a member of the armed forces, naval or other armed services have a responsibility to the position. Officer Cadet School (OCS) is one of several training bases established in SAFTI Military Institute as a whole where the SAFTI Military Institute is a Singapore military training institution specialized training of officers of the Singapore Armed Forces, one of the Singapore Command and Staff College ( SCSC) which is one of five schools that are owned by officers SAFTI Military Institute. At the same time, the program was first given skill is leadership training at the School of Infantry Specialists (SISPEC) at the headquarters of Sand Gain which is the headquarters of the Warrant Officer and Specialist Corps, then in the following year Platoon Sergeant and Sergeant Major Company receives further instructions of Advanced Specialist Training Wing (ASTW) in SISPEC. School of Infantry Specialists (SISPEC) is a military training center for skills program in the Singapore Armed Forces, based in Pasir Profit is an installation of the Singapore Armed Forces. In most armed forces are in charge of controlling platoon sergeant platoon members, guiding and supporting the command of his platoon in the lead units each. Officer Cadet School (OCS) and the School of Infantry Specialists (SISPEC) has a basic curriculum infantry, especially for the training of the armed forces officers and WOSPECs headed by various training institutions such as the SAF Medical Training Institute (SMTI), Signals Institute (SI), Engineer Training Institute (ETI), Armour Training Institute (ATI), Supply Transport Centre (STC), Ordnance Engineering Training Institute (OETI). h. Defence Foreign Relations Singapore is a member of the Five Power Defence Arrangement with the UK, Australia, New Zealand and Malaysia, FPDA defense is designed to replace the role of English in Singapore and Malaysia, FPDA requires its members to consult on any issues threat to the external defense of the Armed Forces of the Commonwealth which is headquartered in Singapore. FPDA is a series of defense cooperation relationship established under a bilateral agreement between the UK, Australia, New Zealand, Malaysia and Singapore signed in 1971. Singapore has consistently supported full U.S. military presence in the Asia Pacific region. In 1990, the United States and Singapore have signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) to allow the United States Air Force for access to military facilities in Singapore Paya Lebar Airbase and the Sembawang wharf. After signing a memorandum of understanding earlier, the U.S. Navy logistics unit established in Singapore in 1992, and then the attacker aircraft belonging to the United States started flying periodically to Singapore for exercises including U.S. warships. In 1999, a memorandum of understanding containing amended to permit U.S. warships docked at the pier for Changi. The Singapore Armed Forces is also intended for international humanitarian assistance mission that includes the UN peacekeeping force in foreign countries such as Kosovo, Kuwait, and East Timor, including participating in the multinational forces in Iraq, sending four military CH-47 Chinook helicopters and 45 personnel to assist rescue and evacuation of victims of Hurricane Katrina in the United States as well as providing equipment and medicine for the dental health of the people of Afghanistan. Threats toward Singapore Singapore is a small country if the terms of geographical size and its natural resources. Singapores majority ethnic Chinese population is in the neighboring countries whose population is ethnic Malay majority and a much larger geographic size, population, and natural resources so that Singapore has always always be in the region of uncertainty. These conditions will determine Singapores national security concept. Furthermore, Singapores national secu

Terrorists and Personal Weapons :: Terrorism

Terrorists and Personal Weapons Personal weapons fired at short ranges are the primary weapons of terrorists as well as the police officer or soldier fighting against them. One of the most important facets of personal weapons is that they have changed little since the 1940s. They have not been affected by the technological revolutions of nuclear, electronic and aerodynamic guidance and control systems. The weapons may be smaller and lighter with more advanced sights, but the ranges and rates of fire have changed little. The most significant change in personal weapons is most likely the controlled burst. The controlled burst is a system of sustained fire where bullets are fired in short, fast groupings of three. These three round bursts conserve ammunition and also give more effective fire for normal use. Another important development with the ammunition is the creation and use of caseless ammunition, which eliminates the need to eject a cartridge. Plastic ammunition has been designed primarily for training but could be effective for terrorists. If a gun made up completely of non-metallic parts, then plastic bullets would be desirable in evading detection at airports. While some terrorists employ the use of assault rifles, light-machine guns, sub-machine guns and even shotguns, the pistol is still the most popular. Revolvers and self-loading pistols are used because of their size and ease of concealment. Pistols can be carried in a pocket or a hip or shoulder holster, leaving both hands free until it becomes necessary to draw the gun. Armor-piercing missiles are used increasingly on attacks of both armored vehicles and the walls of buildings. They have had little success against vehicles, however, because they do not usually achieve a clean hit at the right angle in the right place, which is essential for effectiveness. Arab terrorists use the hand-held surface-to-surface Russian RPG 7 missile most commonly, and oftentimes these weapons have been largely provided to Arab governments who then can pass them on to terrorists. Terrorists can also use mortars in their attacks. Improvised mortars are extremely easy to make but can be inaccurate and unreliable, and so accidents are unavoidable. Most suitable for terrorist use are light mortars. A popular light mortar is the British 51mm Mortar, which weighs 6.25 kilograms and (its bomb weighs only 0.9kg). It has a range of 800 meters and a projected error of 2%. The use of anti-aircraft missiles by guerrillas to shoot down helicopters and other aircraft has increased.

Major World War I Battles Essay

1914- The First Battle of the Marne. Up until September of 1914, the German army had steadily advanced through Belgium and France and was nearing the capital of France, Paris. Luckily, in the First Battle of the Marne, six French armies and one British army were able to stave off the German advance and set the stage for trench warfare for the next four years. 1915- Second Battle of Ypres- This was the second battle for the city of Ypres, which was located in western Belgium. For the Germans, this marked their first widespread usage of poison gas during the war. At Gravenstafl, Canadian troops were able to hold off the Germans by urinating into cloths and covering their faces with it. 1916- Battle of Verdun. The Battle of Verdun was meant to be Germany’s final push to break through French lines. A common expression was â€Å"to bleed the French white†. Both sides suffered immense casualties; however there was no clear victor even though the Germans were forced to withdraw. 1917- Battle of Caporetto. In this battle, otherwise known as the 12th Battle of Isonzo, Austro-Hungarian forces reinforced by German infantry finally broke through the Italian front line and routed the entire Italian army. Poison gas and storm troopers effectively contributed to the massive collapse of the Italian army. 1918- Battle of Cantigny. This was the first major battle involving U.S. forces up until that point in World War I. While, Cantigny was a relatively easy objective and was overshadowed by larger battles occurring elsewhere on the front, this battle was significant in demonstrating that the U.S. forces could be trusted to hold their own. 1. Up until the U.S. entrance into the war, the U.S. had already been providing massive amounts of supplies to the French and British, despite their claims of neutrality. This one-sided trading led to German attacks on U.S. merchant vessels and was one of the reasons the U.S. entered the war. The American Expeditionary Force did not actually face many battles as they arrived in Germany in early 1918. They did prove their worth and strength however in the Battle of Cantigny, where solely U.S. troops were able to capture the town of Cantigny and repulse several fierce German counterattacks. 2. Women had a huge role in the war effort at home, while African Americans directly contributed to the war effort. Women filled many of the jobs men left behind, especially in factories that were now facing huge demands for war supplies and low numbers of workers. Without women rising to fill these ranks, the American war effort would have been severely hindered. African Americans, although still discriminated and segregated in units, fought bravely and fiercely in World War I and earned the respect of many soldiers around them. 3. U.S. society

Othello Essay

The Jacobean era in which William Shakespeare first wrote Othello, eventually published in 1622, is one which is rightly remembered as being held to strict, dogmatic codes of sexuality and gender-power structures. On the threshold of Queen Elizabeth’s crowning, England under King James continued to be a strictly patriarchal society, with the realms of war and diplomacy being fully impenetrable to women. Considered the primary means to demonstration and execution of power, such venues were perceived to have held sway over all manner of social order. From a cosmetic vantage, it appears through characters such as Brabantio, Othello and Iago that Shakespeare acknowledges a sociological structure which largely keeps women beholden to these powers of men. However, through its intricate weaving of deception which is continually based on a distortion of the realities between men and women, Shakespeare wily toys with conventional wisdom regarding sex and power, dismantling many of the assumptions pertaining to the topic which were processional from the cultural hegemony of his time and place. While the work is constantly given over to opportunistic sleights against the cunning malice of the female heart, the flaws of the male characters are ultimately the cause of tragedy. Shakespeare’s work is marked by a rare propensity for his time, to encourage a reconsideration of the reciprocal relationship inbuilt to the breakdown which occurs between love, lust and loyalty  While men such as Othello and Brabantio characterize power as being in the hands of the wealthy and physically impressive, Desdemona silently and passively illuminates that sexuality is the true power broker. Even before it is the force which weakens his senses, Othello recognizes that all of his fearsome strengths are blunted by his infirmity in the hands of love and lust: â€Å"When light-winged toys Of feathered Cupid seel with wanton dullness My speculative and officed instrument, That my disports corrupt and taint my business, Let housewives makes a skillet of my helm.† (1.3, 263-267) Fittingly, the conclusion magnifies this irony, consistent with the convolution of gender power and responsibility as it persists throughout. Othello recognizes that it is his indiscretion, not Desdemona’s, which has delivered him to incurable suspicion. When he finally succumbs to his misguided jealously, it becomes invariably clear that his physical strengths, those very same which were said to have won him the heart of Desdemona, were not simply made benign by the power of her sexuality. Worse, his powers are turned against him, unleashed from his control and wielded by a fog of lustful rage. In the denouement of the play, Othello is inconsolable of his own guilt. After choking the life out of his innocent wife, Othello is left powerless. In this is the eventual resolution of Shakespeare’s treatise on the falsehood in the power dynamic between men and women. Indeed, the power which is shown to be reflected in the woman is one which contradicts traditional assumptions of 16th century female gender roles. That the women in this play, and Desdemona in particular, ultimately command such power over the judgment of men is quite telling of Shakespeare’s unique perspective. The twisted frustration which marks the conclusion of the play is a strikingly aggressive declaration by the playwright that cultural assumptions regarding the genders are not just too often grossly misunderstood, but consequently also subject to terrible repercussions.

Brand Sense/Marketing: McDonald’s Hamburgers Essay

Figure 1 This figure illustrates how McDonald’s hamburger is presented to the public. The picture looks so appealing enough to make people crave to taste how it is like when combining the fresh and nutritious ingredients together. The picture alone tells that the food is very delicious by its look, that it produces enchanting smell; and when a person touches it, its soft and thick bread would be enough to satisfy his craving. Analyzing the ads in view of the senses presented in the diagram gives the brand manager the criteria in assessing how effective the ads is in arousing the interest and craving of the people towards the product. In the same way, this also guides him/her to determine a particular sensory activity he would employ in a particular product. Figure 2 Using the twelve components in the ‘Smash your Brand’ philosophy of Martin Lindstrom, McDonald’s hamburgers communicate the true personality of the company. This principle applies the idea of uniqueness that makes the product relevant to its customers. This uniqueness is applied in various components as discussed by Lindstrom. The M shape icon and the McDonald’s mascot that represent it appear so customer friendly while the combination of yellow and white and a little red gives relaxing mood. Actually the name McDonald is an American folksong that creates an image as ‘plain folk. ’ In my opinion, McDonald’s will survive smashing because it communicates goodwill and friendly customer service in many aspects of services. ‘Smash your Brand’ as another device through which a marketing scheme is being conceptualized, is holistic in approach. For a marketing plan, using this approach is quite mind-numbing and tedious because in the first place this particular approach is done by the organization as a whole to impose a change in the company. Once the initiative is from the upper level, marketing department will also follow and will create a plan based on the set corporate goals. Perhaps, what could be done is basically orchestrating what the company is and what the company does. This is what it means by â€Å"communicating a heart. † Thus, this diagram will become effective only when the company has the message and identity to tell the public. Figure 3 McDonald’s hamburger is authentic because of its drive to perfect its product by making it real in terms of quality represented by the product’s color, simplicity of the images, richness in ingredients, and values explained in text (McDonald’s). Perhaps this authenticity testing is utilized or suggested by Lindstrom because it aims to measure the impact of the ads to the intended audience. As an emotional testing, its authenticity will help to enhance the customers’ motivation to patronage the product. The device is helpful I guess in order to strengthen the impact of the advertisement. Figure 4 To realize that a product meets another level of customer’s satisfaction is a good indication that the ad as well as the product is really tempting and alluring. In case of McDonald’s hamburgers as shown in an internet ad, the food is really tempting by its look; however, it becomes more enticing because the nutrition content will satisfy ‘my’ body. The level of understanding regarding the benefit of the product will heighten the interest of the person to buy the product. The emotional profile therefore provides another avenue in the advertisement that will make it more effective and convincing. Application Lindstrom provides novel idea in making marketing truly relevant to the needs of the people. These diagrams and models are useful therefore in conceptualizing and figuring out marketing strategies and action that will be appealing enough to cultivate interest to a lot of people amidst many competitions. What brand managers understand is that marketing does not rely solely on advertisement. It involves concerted actions and effort that aim to promote and to sell the product. The primary end of the effort is to increase the sales. Lindstrom conceptualized those models, which for him will facilitate the planning stage of the brand managers. However, the models require a lot of work analysis and sometimes limit the creativity because it tends to bind the strategies on the models. What most marketing managers or brand managers are doing is looking through some ways that will make their product unique from the rest; they do not limit any possibility. Regarding this, it is important to realize that branding is different from marketing. Branding is â€Å"about performance†¦ is a tool for delivering your business objectives: a means to an end, not an end in itself† (Barlow & Stewart, p. 17). It is therefore aims to bring the customer close to the product and not the product to the customer; the latter is the marketing job. Branding and marketing require two different courses of actions. Secondly, the brand manager must conceptualize what could provide solution to the customers’ needs and problems. That is the key towards identifying effective branding strategies. The best way to do this is conducting researches that will identify those needs. The brand must in the first place dwell within the hearts and minds of the clients. Third, after the courses of action have been finalized, use Lindstrom’s models to analyze the weaknesses and strengths of the strategies. With this suggestion, planning will become systematic and that Lindstrom will become useful. Reference Barlow, J. & Stewart, P. (2004). Branded Customer Service. USA: Berrett-Koehler Publishers. Lindstrom, M. (2005). Brand Sense: How to Build Powerful Brands through Touch, Smell, Sight & Sound. USA: Kogan Page Publishers. McDonald’s. http://cep. mcdonalds. com/qualityfood/.